Science is the marriage of ________ and ________ that provides a mechanism allowing for understanding the world within a system of checks and balances.
a. Rationalism and empiricism
b. Rationalism and cognizance
c. Observation and empiricism
d. Methods and empiricism
Wednesday, April 30, 2014
Chapter 01 Exam Question 49
_______________ is a series of steps that scientists from any field use as a process to test theories and gain knowledge within their field.
a. Field methods
b. Scientific method
c. Research guild
d. Methods guidelines
a. Field methods
b. Scientific method
c. Research guild
d. Methods guidelines
Chapter 01 Exam Question 48
A ______________ can be thought of as a collection of ideas used to explain observations.
a. Hypothesis
b. Prediction
c. Theory
d. Scientific method
a. Hypothesis
b. Prediction
c. Theory
d. Scientific method
Chapter 01 Exam Question 47
________________ is an educated guess that is guided by theory, typically in an if-then format, and testable.
a. Hypothesis
b. Operational definition
c. Variable
d. Scientific method
a. Hypothesis
b. Operational definition
c. Variable
d. Scientific method
Chapter 01 Exam Question 46
An operational definition
a. Is the same thing as a prediction
b. Is the same thing as reliability
c. Is the same thing a validity
d. Describes specifically how a variable will be measured
a. Is the same thing as a prediction
b. Is the same thing as reliability
c. Is the same thing a validity
d. Describes specifically how a variable will be measured
Chapter 01 Exam Question 45
Which approach to research focuses upon describing human development?
a. Descriptive research
b. Perceptive research
c. Correlational research
d. Experimental research
a. Descriptive research
b. Perceptive research
c. Correlational research
d. Experimental research
Chapter 01 Exam Question 44
Which approach to research focuses upon understanding relationships between variables?
a. Descriptive research
b. Perceptive research
c. Correlational research
d. Experimental research
a. Descriptive research
b. Perceptive research
c. Correlational research
d. Experimental research
Chapter 01 Exam Question 43
Which approach to research focuses upon understanding cause and effect relationships?
a. Descriptive research
b. Perceptive research
c. Correlational research
d. Experimental research
a. Descriptive research
b. Perceptive research
c. Correlational research
d. Experimental research
Chapter 01 Exam Question 42
Studying children's naturally occurring aggressive behavior on the playground would be an example of what type of study?
a. Naturalistic study
b. Laboratory study
c. Experimental study
d. None of the above
a. Naturalistic study
b. Laboratory study
c. Experimental study
d. None of the above
Chapter 01 Exam Question 41
What type of problem may occur during descriptive research?
a. Confounding variables
b. Experimenter bias
c. Placebo effect
d. Observer bias
a. Confounding variables
b. Experimenter bias
c. Placebo effect
d. Observer bias
Tuesday, April 29, 2014
Chapter 01 Exam Question 40
What type of correlation occurs when as one variable increases, the other variable decreases?
a. Non-linear correlation
b. Positive correlation
c. Negative correlation
d. Curvilinear correlation
a. Non-linear correlation
b. Positive correlation
c. Negative correlation
d. Curvilinear correlation
Chapter 01 Exam Question 39
What type of correlation occurs when both variables increase or decrease together?
a. Non-linear correlation
b. Positive correlation
c. Negative correlation
d. Curvilinear correlation
a. Non-linear correlation
b. Positive correlation
c. Negative correlation
d. Curvilinear correlation
Chapter 01 Exam Question 38
Which type of variable is controlled or manipulated in an experimental study?
a. Dependent variable
b. Descriptive variable
c. Independent variable
d. Investigated variable
a. Dependent variable
b. Descriptive variable
c. Independent variable
d. Investigated variable
Chapter 01 Exam Question 37
Which correlation coefficient below indicates the strongest correlation?
a. +.25
b. 0
c. -.15
d. -.49
a. +.25
b. 0
c. -.15
d. -.49
Chapter 01 Exam Question 36
Which type of variable is measured or considered the outcome in an experimental study?
a. Dependent variable
b. Descriptive variable
c. Independent variable
d. Investigated variable
a. Dependent variable
b. Descriptive variable
c. Independent variable
d. Investigated variable
Chapter 01 Exam Question 35
What can be done in an experimental study to avoid experimenter bias?
a. Conduct a double-blind study
b. Conduct a differential study
c. Only study one group at a time
d. None of the above
a. Conduct a double-blind study
b. Conduct a differential study
c. Only study one group at a time
d. None of the above
Chapter 01 Exam Question 34
What type of developmental research design compares measurements or observations of some particular trait or behavior between groups of people of different ages at the same time?
a. Cohort design
b. Longitudinal design
c. Cross-sectional design
d. Microgenetic studies
a. Cohort design
b. Longitudinal design
c. Cross-sectional design
d. Microgenetic studies
Chapter 01 Exam Question 33
What type of developmental research design makes repeated measurements or observations of the same individuals over an extended period of time?
a. Cohort design
b. Longitudinal design
c. Cross-sectional design
d. Life-span design
a. Cohort design
b. Longitudinal design
c. Cross-sectional design
d. Life-span design
Chapter 01 Exam Question 32
Which of the methods below is a statistical method that allows researchers to predict one variable based on the values of the other variables.
a. Multiple regression
b. Time-series analysis
c. Descriptive statistics
d. Meta-analysis
a. Multiple regression
b. Time-series analysis
c. Descriptive statistics
d. Meta-analysis
Chapter 01 Exam Question 31
Which of the methods below is a statistical method that allows researchers to study the same variable across time?
a. Multiple regression
b. Time-series analysis
c. t-Test
d. Rank order correlation
a. Multiple regression
b. Time-series analysis
c. t-Test
d. Rank order correlation
Chapter 01 Exam Question 30
Which of the methods below is a statistical method that allows researchers to integrate the findings of many studies?
a. Multiple regression
b. Time-series analysis
c. Descriptive statistics
d. Meta-analysis
a. Multiple regression
b. Time-series analysis
c. Descriptive statistics
d. Meta-analysis
Chapter 01 Exam Question 29
__________________ can be defined as how well an individual is suited for his or her environment and the ability to survive and reproduce.
a. Fitness
b. Evolution
c. Adaptive features
d. None of the above
a. Fitness
b. Evolution
c. Adaptive features
d. None of the above
Chapter 01 Exam Question 28
_________________ is the field of inquiry that studies the biological bases of behavior patterns in animals and humans.
a. Evolutionary theory
b. Ethology
c. Ethnography
d. Behavioral theory
a. Evolutionary theory
b. Ethology
c. Ethnography
d. Behavioral theory
Chapter 01 Exam Question 27
______________ refers to any consistent, reliable pattern or plan of interaction with the environment.
a. Adaptation
b. Evolution
c. Assimilation
d. Schema
a. Adaptation
b. Evolution
c. Assimilation
d. Schema
Chapter 01 Exam Question 26
How many types of schemas did Piaget propose?
a. Two
b. Three
c. Four
d. Five
a. Two
b. Three
c. Four
d. Five
Monday, April 28, 2014
Chapter 01 Exam Question 25
One of the best-organized and most comprehensive explanations of how human beings acquire their thought processes and problem-solving abilities was proposed by:
a. Piaget
b. Vygotsky
c. Freud
d. Darwin
a. Piaget
b. Vygotsky
c. Freud
d. Darwin
Chapter 01 Exam Question 24
______________________ are the first, rudimentary ideas about how the world functions and how the young child may operate or act to make things happen.
a. Sensorimotor schema
b. Cognitive schema
c. Formal schema
d. Preoperational schema
a. Sensorimotor schema
b. Cognitive schema
c. Formal schema
d. Preoperational schema
Chapter 01 Exam Question 23
According to Piaget, which of the processes below are the two used to modify schemas?
a. Assimilation and accommodation
b. Assimilation and adaptation
c. Accommodation and adaptation
d. Adaptation and centration
a. Assimilation and accommodation
b. Assimilation and adaptation
c. Accommodation and adaptation
d. Adaptation and centration
Chapter 01 Exam Question 22
________ is the process by which people acquire new knowledge and information and match it with or incorporate it into their existing schemas.
a. Adaptation
b. Assimilation
c. Accommodation
d. Centration
a. Adaptation
b. Assimilation
c. Accommodation
d. Centration
Chapter 01 Exam Question 21
___________________ is the range between what a child can accomplish alone and what he/she can accomplish with assistance.
a. Psychological tools
b. Zone of proximal development
c. Scaffolding
d. Mentoring
a. Psychological tools
b. Zone of proximal development
c. Scaffolding
d. Mentoring
Saturday, April 26, 2014
Chapter 01 Exam Question 20
_____________________ refers to the process of altering existing schemas in order to bring about congruence with reality.
a. Adaptation
b. Assimilation
c. Accommodation
d. Centration
a. Adaptation
b. Assimilation
c. Accommodation
d. Centration
Chapter 01 Exam Question 19
__________________ provide(s) a framework to assist a child initially learning a new skill, through small steps.
a. Psychological tools
b. Zone of proximal development
c. Scaffolding
d. Mentoring
a. Psychological tools
b. Zone of proximal development
c. Scaffolding
d. Mentoring
Chapter 01 Exam Question 18
Which of the below is NOT a general assumption in information-processing theory?
a. The term information-processing is synonymous with thinking.
b. Information-processing researchers seek to understand the specific mechanisms that allow for cognitive development.
c. Cognitive development is guided by constant self-modification in thinking.
d. Our unconscious mind plays a major role in our cognitive development.
a. The term information-processing is synonymous with thinking.
b. Information-processing researchers seek to understand the specific mechanisms that allow for cognitive development.
c. Cognitive development is guided by constant self-modification in thinking.
d. Our unconscious mind plays a major role in our cognitive development.
Chapter 01 Exam Question 17
Which component of Freud's personality structure operates according to the pleasure principle?
a. Id
b. Ego
c. Superego
d. Social self
a. Id
b. Ego
c. Superego
d. Social self
Chapter 01 Exam Question 16
Who is the founder of psychodynamic theory?
a. Adler
b. Jung
c. Freud
d. Erikson
a. Adler
b. Jung
c. Freud
d. Erikson
Chapter 01 Exam Question 15
Which component of Freud's personality structure is guided by the reality principle?
a. Id
b. Ego
c. Superego
d. Social self
a. Id
b. Ego
c. Superego
d. Social self
Chapter 01 Exam Question 14
Which component of Freud's personality structure is guided by the perfection principle?
a. Id
b. Ego
c. Superego
d. Social self
a. Id
b. Ego
c. Superego
d. Social self
Chapter 01 Exam Question 13
Which of the following is NOT a component of Freud's personality structure?
a. Id
b. Ego
c. Superego
d. Social self
a. Id
b. Ego
c. Superego
d. Social self
Chapter 01 Exam Question 12
According to Freud, development can be retarded by ______________________.
a. Fixation
b. Sublimation
c. Sleep deprivation
d. Self-analysis
a. Fixation
b. Sublimation
c. Sleep deprivation
d. Self-analysis
Chapter 01 Exam Question 11
Which neo-Freudian theorist is well-known for his/hers ideas on birth order and sibling relationships?
a. Alfred Adler
b. Carl Jung
c. Karen Horney
d. Anna Freud
a. Alfred Adler
b. Carl Jung
c. Karen Horney
d. Anna Freud
Friday, April 25, 2014
Chapter 01 Exam Question 10
Which neo-Freudian theorist altered Sigmund Freud's theory on the personality structure to include the collective unconscious, the persona, and the shadow?
a. Alfred Adler
b. Carl Jung
c. Karen Horney
d. Anna Freud
a. Alfred Adler
b. Carl Jung
c. Karen Horney
d. Anna Freud
Chapter 01 Exam Question 9
How did Erikson view personality?
a. Formed by childhood
b. Static
c. Dynamic
d. He had no view on personality
a. Formed by childhood
b. Static
c. Dynamic
d. He had no view on personality
Chapter 01 Exam Question 8
According to Erikson, a __________________ crisis is a central problem that the person is expected to master in order to make healthy progress to the next stage.
a. Psychosexual
b. Psychosocial
c. Moral
d. Sociocultural
a. Psychosexual
b. Psychosocial
c. Moral
d. Sociocultural
Chapter 01 Exam Question 7
________________________ are those who are singularly important at each particular stage of a person's psychosocial development.
a. Social others
b. Psychological others
c. Needed others
d. Significant others
a. Social others
b. Psychological others
c. Needed others
d. Significant others
Chapter 01 Exam Question 6
Maslow called the drive to achieve one's full potential:
a. Self-actualization
b. Self-motivation
c. Self-regulation
d. Self-potentiality
a. Self-actualization
b. Self-motivation
c. Self-regulation
d. Self-potentiality
Chapter 01 Exam Question 5
The two major ways that learning is believed to occur in behavioral theory are:
a. Priming and shaping
b. Reinforcing and punishing
c. Classical conditioning and operant conditioning
d. Modeling and imitation
a. Priming and shaping
b. Reinforcing and punishing
c. Classical conditioning and operant conditioning
d. Modeling and imitation
Chapter 01 Exam Question 4
Which theory proposed the idea of observational learning?
a. Ethological theory
b. Psychoanalytic theory
c. Humanistic theory
d. Social cognitive theory
a. Ethological theory
b. Psychoanalytic theory
c. Humanistic theory
d. Social cognitive theory
Chapter 01 Exam Question 3
Who developed bioecological theory?
a. Bronfenbrenner
b. Bowlby
c. Carstensen
d. Bandura
a. Bronfenbrenner
b. Bowlby
c. Carstensen
d. Bandura
Chapter 01 Exam Question 2
Bioecological theory focuses on:
a. The biological aspects of development.
b. The layers or contexts of development.
c. The similarities and differences between human development and the development of other animals.
d. The importance of cognitive processes in development.
a. The biological aspects of development.
b. The layers or contexts of development.
c. The similarities and differences between human development and the development of other animals.
d. The importance of cognitive processes in development.
Chapter 01 Exam Question 1
__________________________ describes the family as a social system.
a. Family systems theory
b. Social systems theory
c. Bioecological theory
d. Dynamics systems theory
a. Family systems theory
b. Social systems theory
c. Bioecological theory
d. Dynamics systems theory
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)